Refrigeration



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Feb. 7 1195 P. SGHLUMBOHM REFRIGERATION Filed Dec. 20, 1945 INVENTOR.

Patented Feb. 7, 1950 a 2,496,816

2 ,496,816 I t REFRIGERATION Peter Schlumbohm, New York, N. Y.Application December 20, 19l5rSerial No. 636,143

2 Claims. (01. 62-92) The present invention refers to refrigeration asin accordance with the instant invention the and more specifically totemperature control. opening of the valve H is as described above. Theinvention is illustrated in the accompany- In this invention such avalve H is applied in ing drawing, and is applied to the specific task anew manner. Instead of feeding liquid refrigof maintaining thetemperature of a walled space erant into the evaporator it is used toblow of! constant at a predetermined level. refrigerant vapor whichleaves the evaporator 3. The invention makes it possible to control theInstead of operating the valve by the difference storage temperature inportable, heat-insulated, between th temperature of the liquidrefrigerso-called containers, as used for railway and ant 5 in'theevaporator and superheated'refrigtruck shipments of less than carloadsize. Such erant vapor e alvell is in this case actuated containers donot allow much dead weight for by the difference between the temp e of te the insulation of refrigeration equipment. It has liquid refrigerant 5and the temperature of the not been possible to equip them with thepowerair in the storage space I. This difference is a driven completecondensing unit and evaporator. matter of those degrees which arerequired as TD Dry Ice, brine hold over tanks or eutectic ice have (TDis the standard expressi n f r T mp r ure been the only practical meansfor cooling such Difference) as general temperature differenceless-than-carload containers. Each of these for practising heat exchangethrou a Wall means has t di5advantage which in this case is the wall ofthe container 3. The invention allows a temperature control as However,a rather wide range can be effective for exact as the one perfected incomplete condens- 2o actuating valve H with this TD, depending on theing units; yet no powered condensing it i location of the bulb l5 withinthe storage space quired in connection with the invention. I anddepending on the availability of stirrin In the accompanying drawingsFig. 1 illustrates ventilating means to move the air of the storage theapparatus installed in a walled space. Space to Obtain a uniform mpature Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of a thermal exhroughout the storagep All these factors pansion valve which is wn of Fig 1, are routinerefrigeration factors and need not be In Fig 1 the storage space isinsulated by 3 described in detail. For the chosen TD the valve wall 2of insulating material. A refrigerating can be Set by operating theset-screw which conevaporator 3 serves as storage vessel for arefrigtrols the tension of the spri l'l.

erant 5 and is arranged in the upper part of the one deciding point inthis new invention is to storage room I, arranged on a stand 4 hi makethe apparatus operative to the effect of vessel 3 is preferably an I. C.C. regulation shipmaintaining a predetermined room temperature pingcontainer for compressed gases and is in the storage sp e I by l wi fi nw refri equipped with a hut fi valve 5 and an t t, t erant 5 if the roomtemperature rises above the receive a conduit 9 of standardrefrigeration tubchosen p nt- Merely placing the apparatus into ing andfittings. The conduit 9 is equipped with the storage p e I and op ninthe shut-off a gauge 1, with a blow-off conduit l0, controlled v lve 6While shut-off valve 8 is d d would my a hand valve 8 and with a secondblow-off be without consequences. Valve ll would be conduit l2, iscontrolled by the thermal valve closed by the spri the r fri rant 5 inII. This thermal valve II with its thermal bulb the p ator 3 and theliquid in bulb l5 hav- I5 and capillary connection 14 is shown in deingthe Same temperature and Compensating tail and in vertical cross-sectionin Fig. their pressures. An important step of the instandard valve inwhich the vention, therefore, is to cool down the refrigerbulb l5 actson the upperside of ant 5 to a temperature which is lower than l8, whilethe other side of the diathe pr r n d f t re room temperature phragm issubjected to the combined pressures which shall be maintained. To givean example, of the refrigerant in conduit l2 and a spring if the roomtemperature shall b maintained at H. If the pressure of the bulb isstronger than 20 F., and if conditions require a TD of 10 F, thosecombined two pressures, the valve stem [6 for the heat exchange, therefrigerant 5 must be from the valve seat S and refrigerprecooled downto 10 F. to make the apparatus ant can pass from conduit l2 into conduitl3. operative. Cooling down the entire mass of the Opening of the valveII is in standard evaporator refrigerant 5 may be effected by variousknown temperature control effected by exposing the ways: For instance,the container 3 may be rebulb l5 to the temperature of superheatedrefrigfrigerated by independent refrigeration means erant a or whichleaves the evaporator, wherebefore or while being installed in thestorage space Or, valve 6 and conduit 9 may be opened the air withinsaid storage space to said liquid reto blow off refrigerant until themass of the refrigerant, controlling the release of saidrefrigerfrigerant 5 is cooled down. A gauge 1, a branch ant vapor inresponse to the temperature differconduit I and a hand valve 8 maysupplement ence between the temperature within said storage theequipment for this procedure. Or, the bulb space and the temperature ofsaid colder body frigeration jobs, such as in trucks. While in of anevaporator adapted to maintain a room may be o d d w y a ona y ref e lorefrigerant contained in sa1d evaporator, means and on the road ref ierant 5 may be blown Off for precoolmg sa1d refrigerant below thepredein the controlled mannei as described, to maintermmed tempeiatureto be maintained later in tain the temperature. said storage space,means for alternately opening Since non-toxic refrigerants like Freonand-- said container to effect evaporation of refrigerant withprecautions-carbon dioxide may be blown and closing said container toeifect cessation of off into the surrounding air, these refrigerantsevaporation of refrigerant, said means being reare especially suitablefor this new cooling sponsive to the temperature difference betweensystem. the temperature of the storage space and the Having nowdescribed the nature ofmy inventemperature of the colder refrigerantcontained tion and given an example of the manner in in said evaporator.v which it may be performed, PETER SCHLUMBOHM.

I claim as my invention:

1. The method of cooling the-air of a storage 2 REFERENCES CITED spaceby utilizing vaporizame refrigerant The following references are ofrecord in the prising confining the vaporizable refrigerant,;preme 7 ofthis patent;

in its liquid phase to a temperature-below a pre- UNITED STATES PATENTSdetermined temperature corresponding to the Number Name Date mperatureto be maintained in said storage 2 7 Bergert June 30' 1908 space,releasing refrigerant vapor above the liquid 5 7 Bobrick 2' 9refrigerant to said storage space which refrig- 2,039,423 Ross 10' 1937crant vapor is formed by the transfer of heat of 2316392 Irwin 20' 1943

